How Well Do You Know Your Lubricant (or Vaginal Moisturizer)?
Not all lubricants and moisturizers are created equal. Some can irritate tissues and even contribute to infections! Below, we highlight some safety considerations to keep in mind.
What is a Lubricant?
Lubricants are gels, liquids, or creams designed to enhance lubrication during sex. They are especially useful when sex is painful or the vagina does not produce enough natural moisture. Lubricants can be beneficial in life stages such as postpartum, perimenopause, and postmenopause, where natural lubrication decreases.
Additionally, healthcare professionals (including pelvic floor physios) use lubricants during internal examinations and procedures to make them more comfortable for patients.
What about Vaginal Moisturizers?
Vaginal moisturizers are helpful for women experiencing dryness and irritation, such as during perimenopause, postmenopause, or while undergoing anti-hormone treatments (e.g., cancer therapies). Unlike lubricants, which provide quick relief, moisturizers work slowly, providing longer-lasting hydration throughout the day or night.
Types of Lubricants and Moisturizers
There are three main types, with some hybrid options combining two or more types:
- Water-based
- Silicone-based
- Oil-based
1. Water-Based Lubricants
Water-based lubricants are widely used and generally condom-compatible. These products contain preservatives to prevent bacterial and mold growth. While most women tolerate them well, some may develop allergic reactions to the preservatives (though this is rare).
2. Silicone-Based Lubricants
Silicone-based lubricants tend to last longer since they are less absorbent. They generally do not require preservatives and are safe to use with condoms (check the product label). However, they should not be used with silicone dilators or toys, as they may cause degradation over time.
3. Oil-Based Lubricants
Oil-based lubricants, often preservative-free, appeal to those seeking natural products. However, they are not compatible with condoms and may degrade silicone dilators, wands, and toys. Additionally, oil-based lubricants might increase the risk of yeast infections (candida), so those prone to candida may prefer other options.
Safety Considerations
Over 10 years ago, the World Health Organization (WHO) issued a safety advisory about lubricants. While all lubricants on the market are generally considered safe, some women may experience irritation, sensitivity or an increased risk of infections, such as thrush or vaginal flora overgrowth. If you are experiencing these issues, it may be helpful to consider the following factors:
Osmolality
- What is osmolality? Osmolality refers to the concentration of dissolved particles in a fluid. The osmolality of vaginal secretions is typically between 260-290 mOsm/kg.
- Why does it matter? Lubricants with a much higher osmolality may damage or irritate the epithelium (the protective layer of the vaginal lining).
- What to look for: WHO recommends lubricants with an osmolality below 1200 mOsm/kg to avoid tissue compromise. Unfortunately, many commercial lubricants have values ranging from 2000-6000 mOsm/kg.
pH
- What is pH? Vaginal pH typically ranges from 3.8 to 4.5, while rectal pH is around 7.
- Why does it matter? A lubricant’s pH should ideally match the environment it’s intended for. Products intended for both vaginal and rectal use may not have an ideal pH for either. Look for products with clear labeling and pH information to match your needs.
Osmolality and pH Considerations
Osmolality and pH are primarily relevant for water-based lubricants, as silicone- and oil-based lubricants do not contain water and are not usually affected by these factors. When choosing a water-based lubricant, it’s important to select one with osmolality and pH values that are compatible with vaginal or rectal use to reduce the risk of irritation or discomfort.
Recommended Products
Choosing the right lubricant or moisturizer can feel overwhelming. As a general rule, avoid products from discount pharmacies or supermarkets unless you’ve confirmed their pH and osmolality. At Empower Pelvic Clinic, we recommend the following products:
BIEN
- Type: Water-based
- Made in: Australia
- Osmolality: 1075 mOsm/kg
- pH: 5
- Pros: Condom- and silicone toy-safe. The pH is suitable for both vaginal and rectal use, although not perfect for either. Affordable at $12 for a high-quality product.
- Cons: As with all water based lubricants contains some preservatives (no issue for almost all people!), which may not suit everyone.
Olive & Bee
- Type: Oil-based
- Made in: Australia
- Ingredients: Pure olive oil and beeswax – nothing else!
- Pros: Natural product that won’t disrupt vaginal osmolality or pH. Great for relieving vaginal dryness.
- Cons: Not condom-safe and may degrade silicone toys. Some users find it less effective for intercourse compared to other lubricants.
YES WB
- Type: Water-based
- Osmolality: 154 mOsm/kg
- pH: 4.08
- Pros: Condom-safe and ideal for vaginal use due to its excellent pH.
- Cons: As with all water based lubricants contains some preservatives (no issue for almost all people!), which may not suit everyone. As an imported UK product, it has a higher price.
Überlube
- Type: Silicone-based
- Pros: Since it contains no water, it has no osmolality or pH concerns. Considered low-irritant and condom-safe.
- Cons: Not compatible with silicone toys. As a premium product made in the USA, it is more expensive.
YES Vaginal Moisturizer
- Osmolality: 250 mOsm/kg
- pH: 4.15
- Pros: Ideal for relieving vaginal dryness with excellent osmolality and pH. Provides slow-release moisture.
- Cons: Again is water based, so same consideration around preservatives if you are sensitive. Not suitable for intercourse – use a lubricant for that purpose.
Where Can You Get More Information?
Reputable lubricant websites often provide information about osmolality and pH. If the information isn’t available, don’t hesitate to contact the manufacturer.
You can also refer to the World Health Organization’s advisory note:
Use and Procurement of Additional Lubricants for Male and Female Condoms (WHO/UNFPA/FHI360, 2012)
If you experience painful intercourse or have concerns about which product is right for you, reach out to your pelvic floor physiotherapist, gynecologist or general practitioner.
Final Thoughts
Not all lubricants and moisturizers are created equal, so it’s essential to choose products with appropriate pH and osmolality for your needs. At Empower Pelvic Clinic, we stock products carefully selected to support your pelvic health. If you have any questions or need personalized recommendations, we’re here to help!
Experiencing Painful Intercourse, Vaginal Dryness or Other Pelvic Floor Symptoms?
Book an appointment to see a pelvic floor physio! Check out one of our booking pages below.
